Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using pwm. Hence, if voltage across motor terminal is varied, then speed can also be varied. The development has launched these drives back to a position of formidable relevance, which were hitherto predicted to give way to ac. In this part of tutorial we will learn to interfacing a dc motor with a. Adc0831 gets the potentiometer value and the speed is controlled using pwm technique. Hey friends this is my 3rd year be project speed control of dc motorwhich i. Basically servo motor is made up of dc motor which is controlled by a variable resistor potentiometer and some gears. This proposed system provides a very precise and effective speed control system. Pdf bidirectional speed control of dc motor based on. A dc brushless motor uses a permanent magnet external rotor, three phase of driving coils, one or more hall effect devices are used to sense the position of rotor, and the associated drive electronics.
If you have worked with any variant of the 8051 microcontroller, you might remember that 8051 doesnt have a dedicated pwm circuitry to enable pwm mode. As soon as the power supply is switched on, the dc motor starts gaining speed and if you. Apr 19, 2017 this video explains the procedure to control the speed of a dc motor using 8051 microcontroller. In this paper, implementation of the mc68hc11e9 microcontroller for speed control of dc motor fed by a dc chopper has been investigated. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm.
By combining a versatile 8bit cpu with flash on a monolithic chip, the. Since the maximum current that can be sink from 8051 microcontroller is 15 ma at 5v. It contains internally protection diodes across the motor. Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering gokaraju rangaraju. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller semantic. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using. Chin choi 10 has presented experimental results of solving speed and position control problems by using embedded controllers. But op says pressing a key either stops or runs the motor. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation. Phulambrikar, speed control of dc motor using capturecomparepulse width modulation module of pic microcontroller international journal of engineering research. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller 8051 pdf.
This switch array is used to send the control signals to the microcontroller. Interfacing dc motor to 8051 microcontroller using at89s51. If you are using microcontroller means you can bias this timer ic through micro controller gpio pin and then you can control speed of motor by varying vr1 resistor. Schematic diagram of combine temperature monitoring and. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller 8051 pdf the aim of this project is to control the speed of dc motor in an electronic way i. You can generate it by using timers of 8051 89c51,89c52 microcontroller or you can switch a particular pin high and low so rapidly with some arbitrary delay in switching, that a pulse is generated as output on the pin. Speed control of dc motor could be achieved using mechanical or electrical techniques. A rotary encoder plate is coupled to the end of motor shaft to provide the feedback speed signal to the controller. Dc drive changes the speed and direction of motion of the motor. Pcb of the control circuit has also been designed and fabricated. This paper presents speed control of dc motor using an 8051 series microcontroller.
One of the most important features of the dc motor is that their speed can easily be control according to the requirement by using simple methods. Of these, dc motors are widely used because controlling a dc motor is somewhat easier than other kinds of motors. Pdf driving circuits for dc motor control using 8051. Thus, it is possible to combine the advantages of both systems. Generally you can control the speed of a dc motor by tweaking the voltage. The microcontroller is programmed to control the 12v dc motor movement. Firstly an 8051 with the required software to control the motor and secondly a suitable driver circuit. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using. Arduino is directly connected to pc through the usb cable and command is given to arduino on serial monitor of the arduino ide. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller free download as powerpoint presentation. Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. Dc motor with speed and current closed loops, driven by. The speed control of the dc motors is very essential.
The practical application of l293d ic is l293d acts as an interfacing device dc motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller by which we can control the speed and direction of the motor. Sensing of temperature using microcontroller pic 16f877a. Synchronisation, speed and direction control of dc motor. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily control the speed of the dc motor. Speed control of a dc motor using microcontroller 8051 a project report submitted by s. The ampl itude of the appl ied voltage is adjusted using the pwm technique. Apr 19, 2016 share on tumblr simple circuit using timer ic 555 and mosfet irf 540 given for dc motor speed control, some dc motors have unfit rpm rotation per minute for projects to control speed of dc motor this simple circuit can be used. Voltage to maintain a constant speed of the dc motor. In this chapter, speed control of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm technique is described. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit principle the heart of this project is the 8051 microcontroller. It can drive inductive loads such as solenoids, relays, dc and bipolar stepping motors.
Speed control of dc motor using at89c52 ic slideshare. Conversely, lowering the voltage slows things down. To achieve the speed control an electronic technique called pulse width modulation is used which generates high and low pulses. Microcontrollers can provide easy control of dc motor. This is a simple projecttutorial on how to control dc motor speed using 805189c51,89c52 microcontroller.
Bldc motor has various application used in industries like in drilling, lathes, spinning, electric bikes etc. Tarun agarwal is the chief customer support officer at edgefx technologies pvt ltd. Now this circuit has mainly two functions, first is to drive a dc motor from low power control signals and the other is to change the direction of rotation of dc motor. In many projects of embedded systems, we may need to control a dc motor using controller. In the case of a 5 volt dc motor, applying 5v volts to the motor would give us full speed, while 2. Included in the programmable counter array are a 16 bit free running timer and 5. Share on tumblr simple circuit using timer ic 555 and mosfet irf 540 given for dc motor speed control, some dc motors have unfit rpm rotation per minute for projects to control speed of dc motor this simple circuit can be used. By combining a versatile 8bit cpu with insystem programmable flash on a. Dc motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller using l293d.
L293d is a dual hbridge motor driver, so with one ic we can interface two dc motors which can be controlled in both clockwise and counter clockwise direction we can control speed of each dc motor by giving pwm to enable pin. Theorem negative feedback nortons polarity test potentiometric transducers ratio test serial data communication sfr of 80518031 solids and liquids speed control system 8085 stepper motor control system winding resistance test 20 mva 6digits 6digits 7segment leds 7segment atod a. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. So you can see dc motors are no less than a stepper motor. The main loop is only writing to the motor bit for a very short period of time before committing to a read of the serial port, and that motor write leaves a 1 in the control port bit no matter what duty cycle was selected, so the motor should be left either running or stopped. Purpose of a motor speed controller is to take a signal representing the required speed and to drive a motor at that speed. Speed control of brushless dc motor using microcontroller. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily control the. This is a simple projecttutorial on how to control dc motor speed using 8051 89c51,89c52 microcontroller. The pwm wave for speed control is generated using atmel at89c52 microcontroller. Jul 20, 2015 introduction the aim of developing this project is to control the speed of dc motor.
L293d for dc motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller. Servo motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller at89s52. If you have worked with any variant of the 8051 microcontroller, you might remember that 8051 doesnt have a. L293d has output current of 600ma and peak output current of 1. Dc motor or fan speed is controlled using pwm pulse width modulation technique. Interfacing dc motor to 8051 forms an essential part in designing embedded robotic projects. The brushless dc motor is actually a permanent magnet ac motor whose torque current characteristics mimic the dc motor.
I already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. Their are two ways to generate pulse width modulation signal using 8051 89c51,89c52 microcontrollers. It is designed to provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 600ma at voltages from 4. Speed control of a dc motor using microcontroller 8051 bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering gokaraju rangaraju institutes of engineering and technology jntu hyderabad.
Switch sw1 is used to change the direction of the dc motor. At89c51 based dc motor controller electronics for you. We all know that for a dc motor, to change the direction of rotation, we need to change the polarities of supply voltage of motor. A well designed 8051dc motor system has essentially two parts. Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller. An onoff switch is provided on the waist harness to control the start and stop of the hand movement and is connected to the 8051 microcontroller to control the motor movement. A brushless dc motor is a dc motor turned inside out, so that the field is on the rotor and the armature is on the stator. The concept of the speed regulation is different from the speed control.
High speed force of dc motor is converted into torque by gears. The block diagram of four quadrant dc motor speed control with 8051 microcontroller project is shown in the above figure. Closed loop speed control of bldc motor using microcontroller. Microcontroller based switching control system of dc motor using gsm module. Dc motor with speed and current closed loops, driven by etpu on mcf523x, rev. Aug 06, 2014 doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. To control the speed of the dc motor, you need a variablevoltage dc power source. A simplified approach of programmable logic controller plc based speed control of dc motor has been proposed by a. Among the different control methods for dc motor armature voltage control method using pulse width modulation pwm is best one. The dc motor driver l293d is used in this project as it is a component that has dual full bridge driver where it also can control the direction of the dc motor. Direct current is applied to the armature by means of a carbon brush or by means of electromagnetic induction. Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller. Practical applications in which speed and direction of dc motor can be controlled by interfacing with 8051 microcontroller are discussed below. Unlike a brushed dc motor, the commutation of a bldc motor in controlled.
Dc motor speed control with 805189c51,89c52 microcontroller. The coils are activated, one phase after the other, by the drive. The speed of dc motor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across its terminals. By interfacing dc motor to the microcontroller, we can do many things like controlling the direction of the motor, controlling the speed of the motor. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering. Dc motor speed control using arduino the engineering projects. Different types of motorsac, dc, servo or stepperare used depending upon the application. In our robotics applications we may have to control the speed of the dc motor. Dc motors feature a speed, which can be controlled smoothly down to zero, immediately followed by acceleration in the opposite direction without power circuit switching.
Dc motor speed control using arduino uno circuit digest. Sep 22, 2018 by interfacing dc motor to the microcontroller, we can do many things like controlling the direction of the motor, controlling the speed of the motor. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology. Dc motor speed control using 8051 microcontroller youtube. Such motors combine high reliability with high efficiency, and for a lower cost in comparison with brush motors. So please tell me how does it work and how to do it with 8051. Oct 29, 2018 pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit principle the heart of this project is the 8051 microcontroller. How to build a simple pwm dc motor speed controller using atmega8. Control of the brushless dc motor in combine mode core. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with the help of. Speed control ofdc motorusingmicrocontroller oral presentation on prepared by 1. M bashi hassan 7 has investigated the mc68hc11e9 microcontroller performance for dc motor speed control fed by dc chopper. Jan 26, 20 in this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation.
It is not good to connect dc motor directly to the microcontroller. You may think that a variable resistor in series with a dc motor can control its speed. Speed control of dc motor with pc interface is an easy diy project. The best method for speed control of dc motor is the use of pulse width modulation technique. It is an enhanced version of the 89c51and incorporates many new features including the programmable counter array pca. Most of the dc motors have power requirements well out of the reach of a microcontroller and more over the voltage spikes produced while reversing the direction of rotation could easily damage the microcontroller. Monitoring and control of multiple dc motors with sensing. The main advantage in using a dc motor is that the speed torque relationship can be varied to almost any useful form. Included in the programmable counter array are a 16 bit free running timer and 5 separate modules. Apr 10, 2017 in this tutorial, i have controlled its speed as well by providing different voltage levels at the enable pin of the dc motor control driver l298. For example you can control the speed of motor, you can control the direction of rotation, you can also do encoding of the rotation made by dc motor i. If you are using microcontroller means you can bias this timer ic through micro controller gpio pin and then you can control speed of motor by.
In the past, speed controls of dc drives are mostly mechanical and requiring large size hardware to implement. To drive the dc motor, a four channel monolithic integrated buffer circuit was used. Pdf bidirectional speed control of dc motor based on pulse. The motion of a dc motor is controlled using a dc drive. Bose school of engineering supreme knowledge foundation group of institutions mankundu,hooghly 2. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with the help.
So, lets get started with dc motor speed control using arduino uno. A programmable logic controller plc is a specialized computer like device used in industrial. When the dc motor is switched on, it takes certain time to reach the full speed. There are many things which you can do with your dc motor when interfaced with a microcontroller. He has 8 years of experience in customer support, operations and. Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller the. Microcontroller based switching control of dc motor using gsm. Armature resistance control and field flux control the dc motor converts the mechanical power into dc electrical power. In this tutorial, i have controlled its speed as well by providing different voltage levels at the enable pin of the dc motor control driver l298. Many people say i should use pwm to control motor speed. It will be helpful to vary the speed of the dc motor in either clockwise or in anti clockwise direction. Dc motor is very crucial in applications where precision and protection are of essence. Driving circuits for dc motor control using 8051 microcontroller suitable for applications.
The microcontroller block is interfaced with dc motor using motor driver ic, the power supply block provides power supply to the project kit, and switch array. At89s52 microcontroller, dc motor, motor driver ic l293d, push. Embedded system of dc motor closed loop speed control. Interfacing dc motor with 8051 microcontroller using l293d. Microcontroller based speed control system consist of electronic component. This ppt shows that the process to control the speed of a dc motor using micro controller. Pdf microcontroller performance for dc motor speed control system. Speed control of dc motor using microcontroller arduino. Tarun agarwal is the chief customer support officer at. Speed control of dc motor using dc chopper has been investigated by y. Direction of rotation of dc motor is changed by initiating an interrupt signal to the microcontroller using push switches.
Generally, a dc motor consists of either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet and a wounded coil known as the armature. Speed control of a dc motor using plc and pic microcontroller. This article describes you how to control the dc motor using at89c51 controller or any variant of 8051 microcontroller. Jun 16, 2015 the block diagram of four quadrant dc motor speed control with 8051 microcontroller project is shown in the above figure. Embedded system of dc motor closed loop speed control based. Jul 09, 2016 the best method for speed control of dc motor is the use of pulse width modulation technique. The speed control of a motor is frequently required in industrial. Servo motor works on pwm pulse width modulation principal, means its angle of rotation is controlled by the duration of applied pulse to its control pin. The dc motor converts the mechanical power into dc electrical power. This article shows how to interface a dc motor to an 8051 microcontroller. Instead of commutating the armature current using brushes, electronic.
How to control the speed of brushless dc motor without. This paper reports a microcontroller based control system to change the speed and direction of rotation of dc motor. This is a method to control the output voltage with the of constant frequency switching and by adjusting on duration of switching and in other words by changing duty cycle of switching. This interfacing dc motor with 8051 microcontroller circuit is used in robots to control the robot directions and to drive the high voltage motors. Mar 19, 2015 dc motor speed control using 8051 microcontroller. The t89c51ac2 is an 8bit microcontroller based on the 8051 architecture. Use arduino to control speed of a small dc motor henrys. What are the best ways to control the speed of dc motor. In this project dc motors speed is controlled by sending the command through pc. Control the speed and direction of a dc motor using 8051 microcontroller. Four quadrant dc motor speed control with microcontroller.
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